Laravel’s core design aspects are specified, descriptions pertain to Laravel 3.

With bundled functionality already accessible for simple integration to applications. Furthermore, Laravel 4 employs Composer as a dependency manager to install framework-agnostic and Laravel-specific PHP packages from the Packages repository.

ORM

Eloquent ORM (object-relational mapping) is a sophisticated PHP implementation of the active record pattern that also includes internal methods for enforcing restrictions on the connections between database objects. Following the active record paradigm, Eloquent ORM provides database tables as classes, with object instances attached to single table rows.

The query builder, which has been available since Laravel 3, provides a more direct database access alternative to the Eloquent ORM. Instead of needing SQL queries to be written explicitly, Since the release of Laravel 3, bundles have enabled a modular packaging method, with bundled functionality already available for straightforward integration into applications. Furthermore, Laravel 4 uses Composer as a dependency manager to install framework-agnostic and Laravel-specific PHP packages from the Packages repository.

Eloquent ORM (object-relational mapping) is a sophisticated PHP implementation of the active record pattern that additionally contains internal methods for setting constraints on database object connections. Following the active record model, Eloquent ORM exposes database tables as classes, with object instances tied to single table rows.

QUERY BUILDER

The query builder, which has been available since Laravel 3, provides a more direct database access alternative to the Eloquent ORM. Rather than having to write SQL queries explicitly, View composers are logical code units that may be customized and run when a view is loaded.

VIEW

To generate views, the Blade templating engine combines one or more templates with a data model, transpiring the templates into cached PHP code for increased speed. Blade also has its own control structures, such as conditional statements and loops, which are internally translated to their PHP equivalents. Laravel services may also be invoked via Blade templates, and the templating engine can be expanded with new directives.

IoC containers enable the creation of new objects by employing the inversion of control (IoC) concept, in which the framework invokes application- or task-specific code., with the possibility of instantiating and referring to new objects as singletons.

Migrations offer a version control mechanism for database schemas, allowing you to connect changes in the application’s coding with needed changes in the database structure. As a consequence, this functionality facilitates the deployment and upgrading of Laravel-based apps.

Database seeding is a method of populating database tables with pre-selected default data that may be used for application testing or as part of the initial application setup.